V\u1eady th\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9! V\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eeda v\u01b0\u1eddn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 s\u1ebd cho nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i c\u00e0 ch\u00edn m\u1ecdng v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ngon l\u00e0nh, nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa s\u1eafc m\u00e0u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u0129u n\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1i th\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n
Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c BVTV h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00ean s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1eefa\u2026<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n trong canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn\u2026 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng mu\u1ed1i ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch nhanh khi h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 16 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 56 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang nh\u00ecn b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t xum xu\u00ea. Tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c BVTV s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1eb1n c\u00f5i, tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n. S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, thu\u1ed1c s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ung th\u01b0, x\u1ea3y thai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Khi ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang tan ra v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1edbi n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb b\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 trong \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u1edf h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh, cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m l\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea1y theo nhu c\u1ea7u mu\u1ed1n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gia t\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gia t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c b\u1ecb suy ki\u1ec7t. Ph\u00e2n NPK ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t qua vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c trong \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cV\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nu\u00f4i m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u01a1m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u00e1u. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea5u s\u1eb5n b\u00e0y b\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. \u00d4ng ta c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cM\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau. 90% c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u do \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n g\u00e2y ra c\u1ea3\u201d.<\/p>\n
10 L\u00dd DO \u0110\u1ec2 S\u1eec D\u1ee4NG PH\u00c2N H\u1eeeU C\u01a0:<\/b><\/p>\n
1. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai:<\/b><\/p>\n
Trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 8 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.
\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i b\u1ea1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n
2. Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n:<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u01a1 Quan C\u00e1c D\u1ecbch V\u1ee5 B\u1ea3o D\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0110\u1ea5t \u0110ai \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 3 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111i \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111i g\u1ea5p 7 l\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong quy tr\u00ecnh canh t\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u0103m b\u00f3n b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
3. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/b><\/p>\n
N\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 2\/3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 bao ph\u1ee7 3\/4 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u01a1 Quan B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng (M\u1ef9) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0, l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m tr\u00ean 38 ti\u1ec3u bang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n ph\u00e2n n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n
4. Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong 3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, t\u1eeb t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn. N\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 12% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u00e0y nay ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 thu h\u00e1i tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a trong to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Trong khi n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u1eabn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng, ph\u00e2n xanh \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
5. Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0o \u0111\u0129a th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/b><\/p>\n
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u01a1 Quan B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.
\nNg\u00e0y nay c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn 60% c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf, 90% c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 30% c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1987 Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n L\u00e2m Khoa H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c Gia (M\u1ef9) c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong \u0111\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y th\u00eam 4 tri\u1ec7u ca ung th\u01b0 trong s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u nguy h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf ra \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0, thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00f2n li\u00ean can t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng sinh qu\u00e1i thai v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n
6. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p :<\/b><\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Ung Th\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c Gia (M\u1ef9) \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 cao g\u1ea5p 6 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u bang California nh\u1eefng ca ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c thu\u1ed1c s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00ec t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n
7. Gi\u00fap c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng gia c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf:<\/b><\/p>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, cho t\u1edbi nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf theo quy m\u00f4 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 ha m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i 650,000 trang tr\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean v\u1eeba qua, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 th\u00ec ph\u00e2n n\u1eeda l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 1% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000. N\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong v\u00e0i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
8. H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1eadt:<\/b><\/p>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m canh t\u00e1c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u1eafc h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che d\u1ea5u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd thu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 74 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1 n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch 1988. Nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u0111\u1eady kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00ed th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00e1c d\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau th\u00ec gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea3i x\u00e0 l\u00e1ch s\u1ebd t\u1eeb 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 \u0111\u00f4 la. Chi ph\u00ed n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u n\u1ebfu canh t\u00e1c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n
9. Ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u01a1n canh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c. Trong khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb 1950 \u0111\u1ebfn 1970. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n canh c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ec5 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thu\u1ed1c BVTV. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c BVTV s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 1947 \u0111\u1ebfn 1974, s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng do c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 gia t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c BVTV.<\/p>\n
10. H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n ngon h\u01a1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n :<\/b><\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0103n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n tr\u1ed3ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u00f4i. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ngon h\u01a1n. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c, v\u00e0 theo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c rau tr\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng khu \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1, r\u1ed3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n ngon l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00ean b\u00e0n \u0103n xong r\u1ed3i c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t chai thu\u1ed1c x\u1ecbt r\u1ea7y v\u00e0 phun l\u00ean ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ngon l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n \u0103n kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cho b\u1ea1n \u0103n, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n
S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1eddn t\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1eddn t\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n V\u1eady th\u00ec ng\u00e0y nay ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9! V\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eeda v\u01b0\u1eddn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 s\u1ebd cho nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i c\u00e0 ch\u00edn m\u1ecdng v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ngon l\u00e0nh, nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa s\u1eafc m\u00e0u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u0129u n\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1i th\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":605,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[43,45],"class_list":["post-67","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc-phan-bon","tag-phan-bon","tag-su-dung","cat-38-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":597,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67\/revisions\/597"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/605"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.luuich.vn\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}